Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction . After 2 months of maximum effort, participants selected their own. Main Outcome Measures. Greater effects were. Each diet significantly reduced the low- density. HDL) cholesterol ratio by approximately. P<. 0. 5), with no significant effects on. Amount of weight loss was associated. Popular diets have become increasingly prevalent and controversial. 1 More than 1000 diet books are now available, 2 with many popular ones departing substantially. We review the top 4 diets that work in 2017, and provide you with a suite of diet calculators and charts to help you diet effectively. 1 thing most diets have in common is the lack of stick-with-it-ness. Many of us equate the word diet with short-term deprivation, something you go For. each diet, decreasing levels of total/HDL cholesterol, C- reactive protein. Overall dietary adherence rates were low, although increased. Popular diets have become increasingly prevalent and controversial. More than 1. 00. 0 diet books are now available,2 with many popular ones departing substantially from. Cover stories for. Atkins diet),1. 0 many modulate macronutrient balance and glycemic. Zone diet),1. 1 and others restrict. Ornish diet). 1. 2 Given the growing. Unfortunately, data. Of note, this study only evaluated the dietary components. Of 1. 01. 0 telephone. Boston, Mass, from July 1. January 2. 4, 2. 00. Figure 1). Exclusion. L (. Participants did not receive any monetary compensation. Our recruitment strategy was designed. Randomization and Intervention. We administered dietary advice to small groups rather than individually. Once each of the 4 class rosters contained approximately. Latin- square sequence. This method was used. Study personnel were blinded to dietary assignments (revealed by the. A new set of diet. It has been about a month since I last emailed you and I continue to lose weight. Your plan is absolutely amazing and I haven. 5 women, 5 diets, 1 year: Top weight-loss plans are put to the ultimate test. Published: 19:01 EDT, 15 February 2014 The main principles of the Brazilian Diet are: Be aware of calories but don A single team composed of a dietitian and physician (M. L. D., J. A. G.). At the first meeting, the team revealed. The Zone group aimed for a 4. Lists. provided by the Weight Watchers Corporation determined point values of common. The Ornish group aimed for a vegetarian diet containing 1. In an effort to isolate the effects of the dietary component of each. We encouraged all participants to take a nonprescription. To approximate the realistic long- term sustainability. We asked participants. Using a computerized diet analysis program (Nutritionist. Five, version 2. 3, First Data. Bank Inc, San Bruno, Calif), we calculated the. We also telephoned participants monthly and asked. We also asked participants to report medication changes, hospitalizations. Participants. were blinded to timing of assessments until 2 weeks before each visit, and. We measured body weight using a single. Detecto, Webb City, Mo) of the participants with them wearing. We measured waist size as the mean of 2 readings. Dinamap, Criticon Inc, Tampa, Fla). We obtained blood samples after. HDL cholesterol. triglycerides, glucose, insulin, high- sensitivity C- reactive protein, and. We. used the Friedewald formula. LDL cholesterol. We also obtained urine samples from 2. We documented. changes in exercise category (vigorous, moderate, mild, or minimal) according. Using t tests and a 2- sided type I error. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences in baseline variables. Absolute changes for each. To assess the. null hypothesis of no change from baseline, we used 1- sample t test for normally distributed variables and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Missing data were replaced with baseline data for a. We used linear regression. We used SPSS version 1. SPSS Inc, Chicago. Ill) for all statisticall analyses. All P values. were 2- sided; P. Compared with men, women had significantly. Hg), and triglyceride levels (1. L. . Women were also more likely to be nonwhite. At 1 year. there was a nonsignificant trend (P. Twenty- seven of 6. Individuals who discontinued the study had less. P. The most common reasons cited for discontinuation. We were unable to identify any diet- related adverse event. We found no evidence of clinically. At baseline. 1. 47 (9. Mean total energy intake. There were no significant. For. each group, dietary adherence as assessed by diet records decreased progressively. P. As with diet. records, adherence according to self- report gradually decreased over time. Figure. 2). Nevertheless, approximately 2. In each diet group. Weight reductions were highly associated. Pearson r. In women, mean (SD) body weight decreased by 2. P. Participants in the top tertile of. All diets reduced. LDL cholesterol levels at 1 year, although this did not reach statistical. Atkins group (P. The LDL/HDL. P<. 0. 5). No diet program significantly altered triglycerides, blood. The lower carbohydrate diets (Atkins. Zone) were more likely to reduce triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure. Atkins diet failed to significantly. P. The secondary. Table 4), demonstrated larger but otherwise similar changes overall. The amount of weight loss predicted the amount of improvement in several. Figure 4). For. each diet, weight loss was significantly associated with changes in total/HDL. No diet significantly worsened any cardiac. At. 1 year, the numbers of participants with increased and decreased exercise. Atkins, 1. 0 and 7 for Zone, 1. Weight Watchers, and 8 and 3 for Ornish groups, respectively. The amount. of weight loss was associated with changes in exercise level (r. After. accounting for dietary adherence, there was no significant association between. The number of prescription medications (mean, 2. Adjusting for changes in baseline medication use did not materially. For example, 4 to 7 participants in each group. Zone group and initiated during the study by primary. Atkins and Weight Watchers groups and for. Zone group. When individuals who initiated cholesterol- lowering medication. LDL/HDL. cholesterol ratios observed with each diet remained statistically significant. Despite a substantial percentage of participants who could sustain. The higher discontinuation rates for the Atkins. Ornish diet groups suggest many individuals found these diets to be too. To optimally manage a national epidemic of excess body weight. One way to improve dietary adherence rates in clinical practice may. Participants. in our study were not allowed to choose their dietary assignment; however. Our. findings challenge the concept that 1 type of diet is best for everybody and. Likewise, our findings do not support. Our results support a growing body of research suggesting that carbohydrate. Low carbohydrate diets consistently increase HDL cholesterol,1. In the long run, however, sustained adherence to. The clinical significance of diet- induced changes in HDL cholesterol. High- carbohydrate/low- fat diets typically reduce or fail to increase. HDL cholesterol levels, but insufficient data exist to determine whether this. Similarly, the increase. HDL cholesterol associated with low- carbohydrate/high- fat diets is of unclear. Increased saturated. HDL cholesterol increases in the. Atkins diet, although we observed no such association between. HDL cholesterol and saturated fat in our study. The reduction in. LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio observed for each diet is suggestive but not conclusive. Clearly, the cardiovascular and. By design, our study provided a limited amount of support beyond the. A benefit of this. A drawback. is that this approach is poorly suited to determine the effects of each diet. Research studies and clinical programs that. Our study has several limitations. Our study was designed to identify. Our study had a relatively high rate. Our study was limited in its ability. Finally, the measurements of dietary intake and adherence relied. In conclusion, poor sustainability and adherence rates resulted in modest. Cardiovascular outcomes. More research is also needed to identify practical techniques. Corresponding Author: Michael L. Dansinger. MD, Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Tufts- New England Medical Center. Box 2. 16, Boston Dispensary 3. Washington St, Boston, MA 0. Author Contributions: Dr Dansinger had full. Study concept and design: Dansinger, Griffith. Selker, Schaefer. Acquisition of data: Dansinger, Gleason, Schaefer. Analysis and interpretation of data: Dansinger. Gleason, Selker, Schaefer. Drafting of the manuscript: Dansinger, Griffith. Schaefer. Critical revision of the manuscript for important. Dansinger, Gleason, Griffith, Selker, Schaefer. Statistical analysis: Dansinger, Griffith. Obtained funding: Dansinger, Selker, Schaefer. Administrative, technical, or material support. Dansinger, Gleason, Selker, Schaefer. Study supervision: Selker, Schaefer. Funding/Support: This study was supported by. MO1- RR0. 00. 54 from the General Clinical Research Center via the National. Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). HL5. 74. 77 from the NIH; contract 5. US Department of Agriculture. P3. 0DK4. 62. 00 from the Human Metabolic and Genetics Core Laboratory of the. Boston Obesity Nutrition Research Center program. Dr Dansinger was supported. T3. 2 HS0. 00. 60 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Role of the Sponsors: The General Clinical. Research Center scientific staff provided consultation in the design of the. The General Clinical Research Center nursing staff provided assistance. No sponsor participated in the analysis or interpretation. Acknowledgment: We thank Wenjun Li, Ph. D, from. the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Division of Preventive and. Behavioral Medicine, for statistical assistance; Judith Mc. Namara, MT, and. Kourosh Zonous- Hashemi, BS, from the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer. USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, for performing the. Elias Seyoum, Ph. D, from the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory. Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, for performing. General Clinical Research Center staff from Tufts- New. England Medical Center for technical assistance; Kendrin Sonneville, MS, RD. Jacquelyn Stamm, MS, RD, for performing diet record analyses; and Sylvia. Peterson, for administrative support. Atkins' New Diet Revolution.? Atkins' New Diet Cookbook.? Top weight- loss plans are put to the ultimate test. By. Andrea Childs. Published. 0. 0: 0. BST, 1. 6 February 2. Each of these five slimmers put a different diet to the test throughout 2. Andr. She decided to follow the Harcombe Diet, which reduces carbohydrates and boosts intake of unprocessed foods. Total weight loss: 5st 3lb. January 2. 01. 3 1. At Christmas my partner Jason told me that he was scared for me. At 3. 8, he is fit, slim and healthy. I’m only seven years older but sore knees caused by obesity mean I find it hard to climb the stairs. I struggle to get out of bed because of the after- effects of a prolapsed disc. Erratic periods mean I’ve been diagnosed as perimenopausal. I wheeze at night, I’m chronically tired and my skin is spotty. I need to take drastic action. When I was 1. 9, my dad developed terminal cancer and I began to comfort eat. I’ve tried every diet over the years, from cabbage soup to meal- replacement programmes, but I’d lose 1. When I read about the Harcombe Diet, it was like a lightbulb switching on. With this plan, I don’t have to count calories and I can eat proper food – meat with the fat on, cheese, cream – and still lose weight. What it restricts are sugars and carbohydrates. If I stick to it, it could save my life. April 2. 01. 3 1. It’s been a mix of huge frustration and slow progress. On the positive side, I don’t wheeze or struggle for breath now. I’ve lost almost 3st and that’s had a massive impact on my mobility. But in seven out of the 1. I didn’t lose any weight. I contacted Harcombe Diet mentor Zo. I’ve been battling my body for 2. I feel I may have the answer to my weight problems. July 2. 01. 3 1. 5st 3lb, size 2. I won’t have any weight loss for three weeks, then I’ll suddenly drop 4lb. I rarely have dairy products. I have fruit for breakfast – which now tastes incredibly sweet, as I don’t eat any other sugars – but I get bored eating fish or meat with vegetables every day. But I feel the best I have ever done. I walk the dog for half an hour every day and I work on my allotment four times a week. My concentration has improved and my skin, hair and eyes are glowing. When I’m feeling down, I just remind myself that I’ve lost 1. I’ve never achieved that on a diet before. October 2. 01. 3 1. My weight loss was painfully slow over the summer, so I contacted Zo. She looked at the issues that may be stalling weight loss, such as thyroid conditions, stress, cheating and reaching your natural weight. It turns out that dairy wasn’t really the issue, it’s that I’m very carb 'For the first time I feel I may have the answer to my weight problems' sensitive. So I now track the levels of carbs in the food I’m eating on the Harcombe Diet website. By cutting out highly coloured and root vegetables such as red peppers and carrots, and substituting them with low- carb pak choi and spinach, I lost 8lb in a week. Lots of people enjoy brown rice, porridge and potatoes on the diet and still lose weight. I’ve now stuck to a very low- carb diet for the past three weeks and I’ve lost 1 stone. For the past six months, my periods have been regular and my night sweats have stopped. I feel like I’m giving my body the food it needs to get healthy. I did cheat when I went out for a meal for my birthday – and I felt dreadful the next day. I’ve just been made redundant so I know my resolve will be tested, but I’m determined to stick with it. December 2. 01. 3 1. This is the first time in 2. I’ve weighed less than 1. My family are amazed at my success. I’m still eating a low- carb menu of meat, fish and vegetables but I’m happy with that because now friends and acquaintances stop me in the street to tell me how good I look. My goal weight is 1. I really feel I will achieve it – especially as Jason proposed last week! It will be brilliant to walk down the aisle in a size 1. For details on the Harcombe Diet Club and Zo. She is divorced and lives in Nottingham with her daughters Maddie, 1. Ellie, 1. 5. After a festive season of overeating, she began a fasting diet after reading The Fast Diet by Dr Michael Mosley and Mimi Spencer. Total weight loss: 1st 7lb. January 2. 01. 3 1. My weight has fluctuated over the years, usually when I get into a habit of snacking. I feel unhealthy and less confident when I’m bigger. I also suffer from heart palpitations, which are worse the heavier I am. The mass of food I ate at Christmas was the last straw. I read The Fast Diet on my Kindle. I like the idea that you eat 5. I want to lose weight without it seeming like a punishment. I’m planning to fast on Mondays and Thursdays – that way I can still enjoy a glass of wine at the weekend. You can’t do that on a normal 2. April 2. 01. 3 1. I’ve settled into the plan now and it’s the best diet I’ve ever done. I fast for two days a week and sometimes add an extra half day if I’ve treated myself a bit too much on my eating days. I do say yes to chocolate and dessert when I’m not fasting – that’s the beauty of the diet. I prefer to save up all my calories and have one evening meal, such as home- made chilli without rice. I look forward to fast days as I actually have more energy and run around making beds or put on an exercise DVD. I can see the difference in my body – my stomach and legs are smaller and I’ve got my waist back. I have a pair of size 1. I love. They’re still too tight but every two weeks I try them on and know I’m getting closer to wearing them again. Yesterday I put on a work shirt that I hadn’t worn for a year. I used to feel that I needed three meals a day but now I know it’s not bad to feel hungry.'I want to lose weight without it seeming like a punishment'July 2. I haven’t lost any weight for four weeks. I’ve had so many parties and leaving dos to go to, I haven’t always managed to fast for two days a week. But if I had been following a traditional diet, I think I would have given up and started to put weight back on. Some days are difficult. If I’m struggling, I’ll have a Cup a Soup or a big glass of sugar- free squash with lots of ice. The good news is, I can fit into my favourite jeans again and I’ve just bought myself a gorgeous maxi dress for my holiday. I wouldn’t have picked that a few months ago but now I’ve lost 1. It was hard to get back into fasting after taking a break on holiday, especially as I’m in the process of buying a house and I’ve been really stressed. Then my brother committed suicide, which was devastating; I think about him all the time. I did comfort eat bread and other carbs, which just made me feel bloated. Despite the difficulties, I’m actually pleased that I haven’t given up entirely. It proves that fasting works for me. I’ve bought some short skirts that I wear with heels. I get so many compliments that it’s a real spur to carry on and see if I can make my 1. I haven’t lost any more weight but I still think that fasting is the best thing I have ever done. I looked forward to Christmas more this time knowing that I could use fasting to help me through the festive food overload. With fasting, I might be hungry one day, but I know I’m not going to be the next. After the fear and failure of trying different diets, I wish I’d discovered this years ago. The Fast Diet by Dr Michael Mosleyand Mimi Spencer, . After putting on weight due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), she began the Dukan Diet after noticing how much weight her boss had lost on the plan. Total weight loss: 3st 5lb. January 2. 01. 3 1. When I was 2. 0 I put on two dress sizes in a year. I felt dizzy and depressed and was diagnosed with PCOS, which causes weight gain. I tried calorie counting but it didn’t work, which was difficult as I have to wear dance gear every day. When my boss recommended the Dukan Diet, it made sense to me. The low- carb plan is based on proteins and vegetables and consists of four phases: Attack, Cruise, Consolidation, Stabilisation. I’m a total carnivore but realised my usual diet was carb heavy, with cereal for breakfast, a sandwich for lunch and pasta or potatoes for dinner. Based on my current weight, I’ll do ten days in the Attack phase, eating meals such as egg- white omelettes with ham for breakfast, chicken broth for lunch, and chicken breast with low- fat cream cheese and ham in the evening. My goal weight is 1. I’d like to be a size 1. I finish the diet. April 2. 01. 3 1. I’m pleased to have dropped 2 stone so far. The Attack phase was fine, although I felt tired and headachy on the third day. But it all went to pot when I moved on to the Cruise phase, when you alternate pure protein days with protein and low- carb vegetable days. I was working away a lot, which meant business lunches with wine and eating sandwiches on the go. I found it really hard to stick to the rules. To get my motivation back, I did another Attack phase and then signed up for Dukan coaching, which involves uploading my measurements and weight each day on an online form and noting any lapses. The next day, I get an email with tips, such as having a low- fat yoghurt with added sweetener if I’m having a chocolate craving. Now I’m back on track and losing weight steadily.'Friends I haven't seen for ages have been blown away by my new figure' July 2. Friends I haven’t seen for ages have been blown away by my new figure. On other diets, I’ve found it much harder to shift weight from my middle. With Dukan, the weight has gone from my hips and stomach, so I look much better. It hasn’t all been easy. I gave up following the diet entirely for two weeks in June when I was teaching a dance summer school. I found it really hard to organise my alternate protein and protein and low- carb veg days when I was working away from home, and I didn’t fancy the sweaty packet of ham or chicken leg that had been sitting in my bag all day in the dance studio. I’ve just finished another pure protein Attack week to get me back on track. October 2. 01. 3 1. By now, I’d planned to reach my target, which is when you move off the Cruise phase and into Consolidation, which reintroduces fruit, cheese and some carbs to the diet.
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